B

The minimum energy cost of complete rest depends mainly on lean mass, age, sex, hormones, temperature, illness, and adaptation to calorie deficit; formulas provide an estimate, not an exact daily number.

A severe thiamine deficiency disease that can damage nerves, the heart, and energy metabolism; risk rises with alcohol use, undernutrition, vomiting, malabsorption, and high carbohydrate intake without enough B1.

An orange-yellow carotenoid and plant provitamin A. It can be converted into retinol, but efficiency depends on dietary fat, bile, gut function, genetics, vitamin A status and the overall diet.

The main ketone measured by blood meters is produced from acetoacetate and acts as both fuel and a signaling molecule; its level should be read with glucose, symptoms, hydration, and ketoacidosis risk.

A water-soluble B7 vitamin required by enzymes of fat, carbohydrate, and amino acid metabolism; high-dose supplements also matter because they can distort laboratory tests.

A blood ketone test measures beta-hydroxybutyrate and reflects circulating ketones more directly than urine strips. The number is useful for keto adaptation, therapeutic ketosis, diabetes safety, and ketoacidosis risk, but it must be interpreted with glucose, symptoms, and context.

Large airways carry air into the lungs, warm it and help clear particles; cough, wheeze, and shortness of breath require cause-based assessment, not only dietary changes.

A chronic inflammatory airway disease with episodes of wheeze, cough, and breathlessness; diet may improve background risks but does not replace inhaled treatment or an action plan.