"The End of Alzheimer's", Dale Bredesen, 2017
The book is dedicated to the prevention and reversible slowing of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease based on a systemic, metabolic approach.
The author shows that neurodegeneration is not "one disease," but rather the result of a combination of factors: insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, nutrient deficiencies, hormonal imbalances, sleep disturbances, toxic load, and chronic stress.
Bredesen offers a personalized ReCODE program that combines nutrition (with an emphasis on metabolic flexibility), correction of vitamins and minerals, hormone optimization, sleep management, physical activity, and inflammation reduction.
The main conclusion of the book is that with early detection and elimination of causes, cognitive functions can be stabilized and partially restored, and brain aging is not an inevitable process.
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Chapter One. Dementia Prevention
The author immediately questions the idea that Alzheimer's disease is "inevitable and incurable": the failures of medical approaches are explained by the fact that the disease is too multifactorial, and attempts to target one mechanism (for example, one protein/pathway) hardly change the outcome.
The disease is viewed as a result of cumulative burdens on the brain—metabolic, inflammatory, deficiency, hormonal, toxic—and thus the logic of prevention lies not in a "magic pill," but in identifying and eliminating individual causes. A key idea is introduced: Alzheimer's has different biochemical scenarios, and an effective strategy must be personalized and comprehensive, focusing on early detection of risk and correction of lifestyle/nutritional factors.
Chapter Two. The Zero Patient
This chapter revolves around the story of Christine—a person with increasing cognitive impairments and practically a "sentence" from standard medicine. The author shows how, instead of waiting for deterioration, he applies an approach of searching for causes → correcting causes: an expanded assessment of metabolic, inflammatory, hormonal, and deficiency markers, followed by a personal plan (nutrition, sleep, physical activity, stress reduction, nutrients, and other corrective measures). The most important aspect here is the demonstration of the principle of reversibility: with precise adjustments to multiple factors, cognitive functions can significantly improve, rather than just "decline more slowly." This case becomes the starting point for the idea of a protocol, where success is achieved not by a single intervention, but by a sum of small, targeted changes.
Chapter Three. What Do People Feel When They Return to Normal Life?
The author explains why Alzheimer's disease is insidiously subjective: for a long time, a person may feel "generally fine," attributing the first memory and attention lapses to fatigue and age; often, self-justification and denial arise, causing help to be delayed. Through examples of people who managed to restore some functions, the sensations of "return" are described—a mix of relief, surprise, and strong emotional reactions (including the realization of lost time and tension in the family).
The chapter emphasizes the importance of support from loved ones, monitoring dynamics, and discipline in following the plan: improvement is possible but can only be maintained by preserving key changes, as the brain responds to the overall background—sleep, inflammation, metabolism, deficiencies, and stress.
Chapter Four. Alzheimer's Disease Is Not One Disease
The author explains that under the diagnosis of "Alzheimer's disease" lie several different biochemical types of neurodegeneration. In some, inflammation plays a leading role; in others, nutrient and hormone deficiencies; and in others, brain insulin resistance or toxic burden.
This is a key turning point of the book: while medicine tries to treat everyone the same, the real causes differ among patients. Consequently, universal medications hardly work. An effective strategy is only possible with an understanding of which specific type of neurodegeneration is developing in a particular person.
Chapter Five. The Brain's Protective Response
In this chapter, Alzheimer's disease is viewed as an adaptive, protective response of the brain to an unfavorable environment. The accumulation of amyloid and other changes are shown not as a "breakdown," but as an attempt by neurons to protect themselves from threats—such as inflammation, energy deficiency, toxins, or infections. If the brain does not receive sufficient nutrition and growth signals, it switches to a preservation and defense mode, sacrificing synaptic connections.
The key idea: fighting symptoms is pointless if the factors that cause the brain to enter this protective mode are not eliminated.
Chapter Six. Why Medications Don't Work
The author examines the reasons for the failure of pharmacological approaches to Alzheimer's. The main problem is that medications target one pathway (for example, amyloid), while the disease develops across multiple directions simultaneously. Removing one marker does not change the fundamental conditions under which the brain degrades. Moreover, intervening in protective mechanisms without addressing root causes can worsen the condition.
The chapter concludes that medications, without comprehensive correction of nutrition, sleep, metabolism, hormones, and inflammation, are fundamentally unable to change the course of the disease.
Chapter Seven. Three Types of Alzheimer's Disease
The author systematizes the accumulated data and identifies three main types of neurodegeneration.
The first is inflammatory, associated with chronic immune response, infections, and systemic inflammation.
The second is atrophic (deficiency), arising from a lack of hormones, vitamins, fatty acids, and trophic signals for the brain.
The third is toxic, caused by exposure to heavy metals, mold, and other neurotoxins.
These types can combine, but understanding the dominant mechanism is crucial for choosing a recovery strategy. The main idea of the chapter is that the same diagnosis can have different biological natures, and therefore require fundamentally different interventions.
Chapter Eight. What Triggers Brain Degradation
This chapter is dedicated to specific factors that shift the brain from a growth and learning mode to a protection and destruction of connections mode. Among the key triggers are brain insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, sleep deficiency, hypoxia, hormonal disorders, nutrient deficiencies, and constant stress.
The author emphasizes that these factors rarely act in isolation: they amplify each other and create an environment in which neurons "choose" survival at the cost of memory and thinking. The conclusion of the chapter is that prevention and recovery begin not with treating symptoms, but with eliminating the conditions under which the brain is forced to degrade.
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