Central nervous system

The central nervous system (CNS) plays a key role in regulating many functions of the body, including movement, sensitivity, memory, and much more.

The CNS controls all voluntary and reflex actions. Reflexes, such as pulling your hand away from a hot object, occur instantly thanks to reflex arcs.

The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord. The brain is responsible for processing information and managing the body’s functions, while the spinal cord transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body.

The spinal cord consists of 31 segments, each responsible for specific parts of the body and functions.

The keto diet, rich in fats, can have a positive impact on brain health.

The keto diet promotes the production of ketones, which serve as an alternative energy source for the brain, improving cognitive functions and reducing inflammation.

Interesting facts about the central nervous system

The human brain weighs about 1.4 kilograms. This is approximately 2% of total body weight, but it uses about 20% of all the energy the body consumes.

The development of the central nervous system begins in the early stages of embryonic development. The process of forming neurons and synapses occurs from the 3rd to 4th week of pregnancy and continues until adolescence.

The human brain consists of approximately 86 billion neurons. These neurons are connected to each other by trillions of synapses, allowing for complex interactions and information processing.

The CNS has protective coverings. The brain and spinal cord are surrounded by three layers of membranes called meninges, which provide protection and maintain a stable environment.

Brain activity does not cease even during sleep. Important processes, such as memory consolidation and energy restoration, occur during sleep.

Neuroplasticity allows the brain to adapt to changes. This property of the brain to reorganize and form new neural connections enables it to recover from injuries and learn new things.

The central nervous system can influence the immune system. Research shows that stress and emotions can significantly impact the body’s immune response.

Some diseases can damage the CNS. Conditions such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, and stroke can lead to serious disruptions in CNS function.

The brain can process information at speeds of up to 120 meters per second. This speed depends on the type of neurons and the presence of myelin sheaths, which accelerate the transmission of impulses.

Some neurotransmitters play a key role in the functioning of the CNS. For example, serotonin and dopamine are responsible for mood, motivation, and many other aspects of behavior.