Incretins

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Incretins are a group of hormones produced in the gut that play a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels and metabolism.

They stimulate insulin production in response to food intake, slow down stomach emptying, reduce glucose production by the liver, and decrease appetite.

The most studied and significant incretins are glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). These hormones are secreted in the gut after food intake and rapidly respond to an increase in blood glucose levels.

Incretins and the Keto Diet

The ketogenic diet can affect the levels of incretins in the body.

Since carbohydrate intake is minimized, the response of incretins to food intake may be reduced, which can lead to changes in glucose regulation and insulin sensitivity.

On a keto diet, reduced incretin stimulation may contribute to stabilizing blood glucose levels and improving appetite control, making the diet effective for weight loss and diabetes management.

Potential Benefits:

• Improved insulin sensitivity.
• Stabilization of blood glucose levels.
• Reduced appetite and maintenance of satiety for longer periods.
• Possible improvement in liver function and reduced glucose production.

Potential Risks: It should be noted that prolonged reduction in incretin levels may necessitate adjustments to medication therapy in individuals with type 2 diabetes as there are changes in the need for insulin and other glucose-lowering medications.