TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone)

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) — is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that plays a key role in regulating the function of the thyroid gland.

It is responsible for stimulating the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones, such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which are necessary for normal metabolism, growth, and development of the body.

Functions of TSH

The main functions of TSH include:

• Stimulating the thyroid gland to produce T3 and T4.
• Regulating metabolism, including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
• Maintaining normal energy levels and body temperature.
• Influencing the cardiovascular system.

Regulation of TSH Levels

The level of TSH in the blood is regulated through negative feedback. When the levels of T3 and T4 in the blood increase, the pituitary gland decreases TSH production. In case of a decrease in thyroid hormone levels, TSH production increases.

This is a complex mechanism that ensures hormonal balance and normal functioning of the body.

Normal TSH levels can vary depending on age and health status. Typically, TSH levels range from:

• 0.4 – 4.0 µIU/ml for adults.
• 0.7 – 6.4 µIU/ml for newborns.

Deviations from these values may indicate various diseases, such as hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.

Causes of Changes in TSH Levels

Changes in TSH levels can be caused by various factors, including:

• Thyroid diseases (hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism).
• Pituitary disorders.
• Stress and physical exertion.
• Some medications.

Diagnosis and Treatment. Blood tests are used to diagnose TSH levels. Depending on the test results and accompanying symptoms, a doctor may prescribe treatment, which may include hormone therapy or other methods depending on the cause of the disorder.

Conclusion

Thyroid-stimulating hormone plays an important role in maintaining health and normal functioning of the body.

Regular monitoring of TSH levels can help in the early detection of thyroid diseases and other endocrine disorders.

If you suspect any thyroid dysfunction, consult a doctor for advice and necessary examinations.