Vitamin B7 (biotin)

Carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism, skin, hair, and nail health. Insufficient levels can lead to skin rashes, hair loss, and depression.
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Vitamin B7, also known as biotin, plays a key role in the metabolic processes of the human body, specifically in the synthesis of fatty acids, amino acids, and gluconeogenesis.

This nutrient is essential for maintaining the health of the skin, hair, and nervous system.

It is also necessary for the normal functioning of the nervous system and plays a role in genetic expression by regulating the activity of certain genes.

Biotin is involved in the synthesis of neurotransmitters, which may influence mood and overall psycho-emotional state.

Vitamin B7 is required for the synthesis of fatty acids and amino acids and helps in processes that convert food into energy.

Image of the structure of vitamin B7 molecule.
Structure of the vitamin B7 molecule

Although biotin is produced by intestinal microflora, additional intake from food is important for maintaining optimal levels of this vitamin in the body.

Daily Requirement for Biotin

The daily requirement for biotin can vary depending on age, sex, and physiological condition of the body.

For adults, the recommended daily intake is approximately 30-100 mcg.

Pregnant and breastfeeding women may require more biotin, so it is important to consult with a doctor to determine individual needs.

Possible forms and their learnability

Nutrient forms are listed from best to worst:

Magnesium biotinate. This is a new form of biotin, in which it is bound to magnesium. Studies have shown that magnesium biotinate has high bioavailability, providing an effective increase in blood biotin levels.

Options on iHerb:

Purity Products, MyBiotin, Hair, Skin & Nails Formula, 30 Vegetarian Capsules
Purity-Products,-MyBiotin,-Hair,-Skin-&-Nails-Formula,-30-Vegetarian-Capsules-
Purity Products, MyBiotin, Hair, Skin & Nails Formula, 30 Vegetarian Capsules
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≈ $19.29
D-biotin. This is the natural, biologically active form of biotin, most commonly found in food products and supplements. D-biotin is well absorbed by the body and participates in many metabolic processes.

Options on iHerb:

Nature’s Life, Biotin, 2,500 mcg, 200 Vegetarian Capsules
Nature’s-Life,-Biotin,-2,500-mcg,-200-Vegetarian-Capsules-
Nature's Life, Biotin, 2,500 mcg, 200 Vegetarian Capsules
Buy
≈ $28.39
California Gold Nutrition, Biotin, 10,000 mcg, 90 Softgels
California-Gold-Nutrition,-Biotin,-10,000-mcg,-90-Softgels-
California Gold Nutrition, Biotin, 10,000 mcg, 90 Softgels
Buy
≈ $9.03
Swanson, Biotin, 5,000 mcg, 100 Vegan Capsules
Swanson,-Biotin,-5,000-mcg,-100-Vegan-Capsules-
Swanson, Biotin, 5,000 mcg, 100 Vegan Capsules
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≈ $6.98
Liquid biotin. Biotin in liquid form generally has high bioavailability and is quickly absorbed. However, the effectiveness may vary depending on the specific product and its composition.

Options on iHerb:

Natural Balance, Liquid Biotin, Radiant Essential Support, 2 fl oz (60 ml)
Natural-Balance,-Liquid-Biotin,-Radiant-Essential-Support,-2-fl-oz-(60-ml)-
Natural Balance, Liquid Biotin, Radiant Essential Support, 2 fl oz (60 ml)
Buy
≈ $9.74
More 8 products
ProductPrice, $
Irwin Naturals, Biotin-6000 , 60 Liquid Soft-Gels
36.52
Nature's Bounty, Optimal Solutions®, Biotin Softgels, 10,000 mcg, 90 Rapid Release Liquid Softgels
14.31
Nature's Truth, Hair, Skin & Nails with Biotin, Superior Strength, 165 Rapid Release Liquid Softgels
18.38
Nature's Truth, Biotin, 10,000 mcg, 100 Rapid Release Liquid Softgels
14.57
Nature's Truth, Vitamins, Liquid Collagen with Amino Acid Protein + Biotin, Berry, 8 fl oz (237 ml)
13.72
Nature's Truth, Hair, Skin & Nails with Biotin, Superior Strength, 250 Rapid Release Liquid Softgels
24.62
Nature's Truth, Premium Liquid Collagen With Biotin, Delicious Berry, 16 fl oz (473 ml)
18.09
Vitamatic, Liquid Biotin & Collagen, 2 fl oz (60 ml)
15.92
Biotin in effervescent tablets. This form promotes faster saturation of the body with nutrients due to its soluble form. However, the effectiveness of absorption may depend on individual characteristics of the body.
Biotin in capsules or tablets. The standard form of biotin supplements, which is usually well absorbed. However, the bioavailability may be lower compared to the aforementioned forms, especially when taken on a full stomach.
Biotin bound to dietary proteins. Biotin found in some foods may be bound to proteins, which requires cleavage before absorption. For example, raw egg whites contain avidin, which binds biotin and prevents its absorption.

Consequences of Vitamin B7 Deficiency

A deficiency of vitamin B7 can lead to a range of problems, particularly skin and neurological issues.

A lack of this nutrient can cause changes in skin condition, including dryness, redness, and rashes, especially around the nose and mouth.

Additionally, a deficiency of biotin can lead to hair loss (alopecia) and brittle nails.

Neurological symptoms such as depression, lethargy, hallucinations, and even problems with muscle coordination are not uncommon.

It is important to note that vitamin B7 deficiency is quite rare and is most often associated with nutrient absorption disorders.

Possible Risks of Excess Biotin Intake

Excessive intake of vitamin B7 usually does not cause side effects. This is due to the fact that biotin is a water-soluble vitamin, and any excess is typically excreted from the body in urine.

At present, there is no clearly established upper limit of biotin intake that could cause toxicity.

However, there are some reports suggesting that excessive biotin consumption may affect laboratory test results. This can lead to misdiagnosis of various conditions, including thyroid hormone deficiency and even heart diseases.

It is important for patients to inform their doctors about taking biotin supplements, especially if medical tests are to be conducted.

Sources of Vitamin B7 in the Diet

Sources of vitamin B7 available on a keto diet include various foods.

Plant sources. Biotin is found in foods such as:

Animal sources. Biotin can be found in:

  • egg yolk;
  • liver;
  • dairy products;
  • some types of fish, such as salmon and sardines.

It is important to note that biotin can be destroyed at high temperatures, so it is optimal to consume foods raw or lightly cooked.


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