Hypoacidity of the stomach

Hypoacidity of the stomach is a condition in which the production of hydrochloric acid is reduced to the extent that normal digestion, food sterilization, and nutrient absorption are disrupted.

A lack of acid leads to the growth of pathogenic flora, reduced protein digestion, deficiencies in minerals and vitamins, as well as systemic health consequences.

Understanding the causes, symptoms, and correction methods helps restore gastrointestinal function and prevent long-term complications.

Causes of Hypoacidity

• age-related changes in the secretory function of the stomach;
• chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, including gastritis and infections;
• autoimmune processes affecting the acid-producing cells;
• long-term use of antacids and proton pump inhibitors;
• irregular eating, frequent snacking, and low protein intake;
• deficiencies in zinc, vitamin B1, and other nutrients involved in gastric juice secretion;
• chronic stress reducing HCl production through vagus nerve dysfunction.

Symptoms and Manifestations

Reduced acidity affects both digestion and the state of the microbiota and overall health. It often manifests with the following signs:

• heaviness after meals, especially after protein-rich foods;
• bloating, gas, fermentation in the intestines;
• alternating constipation and diarrhea;
• intolerance to fatty foods due to reduced bile secretion;
• deficiencies in minerals (iron, magnesium, zinc) and B vitamins;
• decreased energy, hair loss, brittle nails;
• frequent infections due to insufficient food sterilization;
• bad breath associated with bacterial growth.

Diagnosis

Determining acidity levels helps choose the correct restoration strategy. The most commonly used methods include:

• tests assessing the pH of gastric juice;
• tests for ferritin, iron, B12, folate, magnesium, as their deficiency is typical with low acidity;
• indirect functional tests assessing symptoms after protein consumption;
• breath tests to identify excessive bacterial growth developing against the background of hypoacidity.

Correction Methods

Restoring acidity requires a comprehensive approach, including nutrition, nutrients, and lifestyle.

Nutrition:

• increasing the proportion of animal and plant protein to stimulate HCl secretion;
• reducing simple carbohydrates that cause fermentation;
• introducing fermented products to support microbiota;
• sufficient salt intake necessary for hydrochloric acid synthesis;
• consuming warm food, avoiding cold and icy;
• avoiding overeating, as it exacerbates acid deficiency.

Nutrients:

• zinc – a key mineral involved in HCl secretion;
• B vitamins, especially B1, B6, and B12;
• betaine HCl – used for temporary support of acidity under specialist supervision;
• bile-stimulating nutrients (taurine, choline) that improve fat digestion;
• enzymes that help compensate for weak food digestion.

Lifestyle:

• slow eating and thorough chewing;
• reducing stress levels through sleep, breathing practices, and relaxation;
• moderate physical activity to stimulate the vagus nerve;
• regular eating schedule without chaotic snacking.

Possible Consequences of Ignoring Hypoacidity

• chronic nutrient deficiencies and secondary anemias;
• disruption of liver and gallbladder function due to insufficient bile secretion;
• excessive bacterial growth (SIBO);
• increased intestinal permeability and inflammatory reactions;
• hormonal imbalances, as hormone synthesis depends on the quality of digestion and nutrient absorption.

Conclusion

Hypoacidity of the stomach is a common but often underestimated condition. By noticing symptoms in a timely manner and making adjustments to nutrition, lifestyle, and nutrient support, it is possible to restore full digestion, improve vitamin and mineral absorption, and significantly enhance quality of life.

If symptoms persist, it is recommended to consult a specialist for diagnosis and the development of a personalized recovery plan.