Cleanliness is a key condition for successful preservation and fermentation. Jars and lids must be thoroughly washed to eliminate the development of pathogenic microorganisms and ensure food safety.
During fermentation, it is important not to use aggressive antibacterial agents, as they can disrupt the growth of beneficial microflora.
Preparing Jars
Before sterilization, jars are washed under running water with a new clean sponge, with or without detergent, depending on their intended use.
After washing, jars are placed upside down to allow water to drain, without wiping them to avoid introducing contaminants inside.
Methods of Sterilizing Jars
Depending on your preferences, you can use one of the following sterilization methods.
Over Steam
Pour water into a pot and bring it to a boil. Place a metal rack, a special sterilizer, or a ring on top. Place dry jars upside down and sterilize for 15 minutes. For three-liter jars, increase the time to 20–25 minutes. Large droplets of water should appear on the walls.
Place the finished jars upside down on a dry kitchen towel.
In the Microwave
Pour water into clean jars to a depth of 1.5–2 cm and place them in the microwave at maximum power for 3–5 minutes. The water should boil, and the walls of the jar should be covered with droplets. After that, drain the water, place the jars upside down on a dry towel, and let them dry.
In the Oven
Place clean jars on a rack at medium or slightly below medium level so that they do not touch each other or the walls of the oven. Place a tray with water on the lower level.
Set the oven to 120–130 °C and hold the jars for 15–20 minutes. Remove the jars with a dry towel, avoiding sudden temperature changes.
In a Pot of Water
Place jars in a wide pot and fill with cold water so that they are completely submerged and covered with water from the outside. Bring to a boil and boil for 15 minutes. After turning off the heat, carefully remove the jars and place them upside down on a dry towel.
In a Dishwasher
Place jars in the dishwasher and run the cycle at maximum temperature without using detergent.
Sterilizing Jars with Prepared Food
For additional safety, jars with already packed vegetables are sterilized again.
Place a towel or cloth at the bottom of the pot, put in the jars, and fill with warm water up to the shoulders. Cover the jars with lids without tightening them tightly. After boiling, maintain a gentle boil for a few minutes, then remove the jars, seal them tightly, turn them upside down, cover with a towel, and leave them until completely cool.
